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30 December 2010

Example of the Locus Control Test

Locus of control refers to how a person perceives the cause of life events. Someone with an internal locus of control would generally perceive himself or herself as responsible for certain occurrences (his or her actions would have a direct bearing on the result). On the other hand, a person with an external locus of control would most often blame (or thank) fate, destiny, luck, society, or some other force beyond his or her control.
Snapshot Report
Success Orientation
 51
You have a mixed attribution style when it comes to success. Sometimes you interpret your success as a result of your skills, intelligence, nice personality, etc. Other times, you attribute it to external factors, such as luck, ease of task, or other people's help. As a consequence, you don't always take the credit you deserve. Your self-esteem, motivation, and general well-being would most likely be improved if you realized that you actively influence positive events in your life.

29 December 2010

How to hide Thinking at Work so that the Non-Programmers don't suspect Slacking?

Better programmers than me can write in essays about walking around with a coffee mug and call it programming. And it's perfectly accepted at a place that knows the business. Or see what Gregory House (TV show "House M.D.") does when he is thinking.

But what about the other places where you are the only programmer?

If you don't stare at boring stuff on the monitor for 8 hours straight, co-workers suspect you being a slacker. Yes, not the managers who see the output. Only the co-workers who see the process and can't relate to this kind of work.

Yesterday I had to explain to a trainee of some other profession that software development is like flying. The explanation from the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. I don't think she bought it.

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Seriously? Why the 3 close requests? At the moment there are 9 answers, with most of them upvoted. People are interested in this question/topic. – stesch May 1 '09 at 13:39
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This might be better as a community wiki question? – James McMahon May 1 '09 at 15:25
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If it gets closed it's an automatic reopen vote from me. – cletus May 1 '09 at 23:50
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Note: according to Jeff this is programming related blog.stackoverflow.com/2009/04/… "What is a programming related question? Here's a solid set of guidelines generated by the SO community itself: ... Questions about social engineering, management, or career building, ergonomics, or other "soft" topics related to development work." – cletus May 2 '09 at 17:28
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rofl, to paraphrase the question "how do I hide thinking at work, because thinking is discouraged by my employer" – STW May 2 '09 at 19:24
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locked by Michael Myers 12 hours ago

35 Answers

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up vote 145 down vote accepted

It's funny you ask this question because just yesterday I had a client blow up at a colleague and I who were discussing Google Analytics and Macbooks. Now this client gets charged for our time and we both exclude such time from our timesheets but such breaks are actually important: you can mentally recharge and it can help to work through problems and so on.

Now I put people into two categories:

  • Process-oriented: these people are concerned with how you do things. Do you turn up for work on time? Is your desk neat? Have you filled out your weekly status report? And so on; and
  • Results-oriented: within reason, these people don't care how you do something, they just care that you do it.

I am firmly in the second category and I have a real problem with people in the first. In my experience, people in the first category seem to suffer from insecurity. It's a fundamental psychological principle that controlling your environment makes you happy and such people, who are faced with something where they feel out of control or don't know how to achieve the best results, resort to controlling their environment by dictating how you do things.

You're right in that this is particularly problematic for non-programmers when dealing with programmers. They often just don't understand what we do and how we do it, like how things can take longer than estimated and so on.

Yesterday's case was even worse because this same guy would sit with a colleague and discuss the house she's buying and other things in the middle of doing his own work (and he's charging his clients for his time and I'm sure he's not charging for such downtime), which I found particularly galling as a real double standard on downtime.

So how do you deal with it? Preventively. Try and associate with results-oriented people by choosing the right job, staying in a good job, leaving a bad one, hiring the right people and so on. There will be a point where you'll simply have to put up with such nitpicking however. You can try and explain how the process doesn't work where you just sit there and stuff happens in some linear fashion but in my experience more often than not non-programmers just don't get it and you're wasting your breath and it'll sound like you're just trying to make excuses for slacking off.

In my case, as a consultant, I'm simply going to finish the current project (which is soon thankfully) and then respectfully decline any future work as I've already got more in the pipeline than I can already do.

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I completely agree. I used to work for one client that would complain about the amount of times I showed up an hour or two after everyone else, but wouldn't consider the fact that I leave four or five hours after everyone else and that I produced more results in less time than the permanent staff. Results-Oriented people tend to be a joy to work with, process-oriented people [in my experience] tend to nit pick and micro-manage and drive me crazy. If you want the job done exactly your way, by all means go ahead and do it, otherwise go away and let me do what you hired me for. – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 13:30
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I'm with you both. Also had a month ago a quarrel about me arriving an hour or so after everyone else. When I said I stay correspondingly longer in the evenings they told me that nobody actually sees me do that. Between the lines I got they don't trust me. Suggestions to check out Windows logs or introduce any other kind of observation were declined however. And yes, I'm also basically the only developer there. – User May 1 '09 at 15:38
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Fair points, but it smells of a bit of a rant to me. You also exhibit the classic programmer need to divide everything into black/white, 1/0... when talking about Process/Results oriented. If you're dealing with anyone of average or better intelligence, it often becomes very obvious to them that they've been "pigeon holed" and is a sure fire way of degrading a working relationship. In fact, the act of pigoen holing is itself a way of reducing the complexity of human interaction, ie "controlling your environment". Hmmm... Does that make you Process or Results oriented? ;) – Ash May 2 '09 at 6:36
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I think it's fine if results-oriented boss leans toward being process-oriented one if results are dissapointing. – Arnis L. Jul 21 '09 at 18:22
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while i would lean more towards the second category, i cannot see this as an either-or, mutually-exclusive grouping. yes, granting folks the autonomy and freedom they need to achieve the results is very important as it liberates people. But at the same time, caring on about results alone can lead to compromises to mandatory standards, ethics, security, or safety requirements, etc. Those items belong to the process-oriented category. And i have seen such compromises happen. There has to be a balance for these work practices. – icelava Jul 28 '09 at 6:35
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One solution could be this:

During their lunch break get them to do a simple task like as a crossword. Ask them to be conscious of the amount of time they spend reading/writing vs. the amount of time they spend thinking [or looking up the answer]. Tell them that this is exactly the same as the time you spend reading/typing vs. the amount of time you spend thinking and looking up answers.

Better still Sudoku because it can involve hours of trying to figure out where you went wrong and why none of your numbers add up. So while the task itself seems relatively easy, after all, it's just numbers in boxes it can take time. Get them to predict how long it'll take them before they start and see if their prediction is right - guaranteed it won't be. You can hit them with a double whammy for why your time expectations never quite add up either.

This is the only way I can really think of to get them to understand the way engineers work. I see lots of "those types just don't get us types" - people are adaptable, people can understand things if presented in a fashion they can understand, it's just that nobody's ever taken the time to present them with an argument they get.

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I really like this explanation. I'm going to use it when needed. – Sandor Davidhazi May 6 '09 at 22:35
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Wicked analogy! +1 – John MacIntyre May 7 '09 at 18:23
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That is a fantastic analogy. I'm going to have to remember that. – Colin Cochrane Jul 21 '09 at 17:41
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The real question should be: How should non programmers in the office hide gossipping about American Idol and other such crap so that us programmers don't suspect slacking! – BenAlabaster Aug 10 '09 at 16:33
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alt text

Just let your build scripts run, see lots of command lines spewing thousands of useless trace messages, and you're all good...

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Must... resist... urge... to... upvote... – Michael Myers May 1 '09 at 15:09
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@mmyers - don't worry, I've got ya covered +1 :P – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 15:15
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BRB- building screensaver of never-ending compiler output – Graphics Noob Aug 26 '09 at 20:53
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Years ago I had a gig writing some "Business Basic" stuffs. I was teamed up with a rather "brilliant" programmer with a strange work flow..

He would sit at his computer.. for half to 3/4's of the day.. and play doom / quake / wolfenstine 3D (he was really into the FPS). when he had enough, He'd fire up the editor and just type. At the end of the day, whatever he wrote.. was gold.

We had a new account manager start with the company that walked in on him playing one morning and in dealing with her, was not very polite.

She complained to the CEO that "one of those programmers isn't doing any work at all but playing those violent video games". To which the CEO replied to her "YOU DIDN'T DISTURB HIM DID YOU!?!?".

The games helped him think. He designed, wrote, tested and debugged all of the code in his head while he was playing. Once he was done, it was just a matter of brain dumping and getting it all out.

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That's ridiculous and unprofessional. – Tim May 1 '09 at 14:18
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Upvote not because I agree with the attitude, but just because I love the story. :-) – T.E.D. May 1 '09 at 14:19
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@Tim - Maybe he gets paid to produce good code (rather than to strictly 'think and code'). If he produces enough golden material, then he's doing his job. – StuffMaster May 1 '09 at 21:40
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Thinking isn't something you can do for eight hours straight and still be productive. Downtime is a vital part of the cognitive process -- it's when your brain gets a chance to rearrange what it already knows and spot correlations it couldn't while under load. How many of us have come up with some of our best ideas in the shower? If this programmer knows how and when to take their downtime, more power to them. Sounds like it works. – Joe White May 2 '09 at 19:38
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Was this programmer's surname Carmack? – Arec Barrwin Oct 16 '09 at 15:40
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Why, leave something verbose running on the terminal, of course.

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I've actually had my boss walk by my desk while doing some SVN dumps and he said "That's what a programmers screen is supposed to look like" It hurt a bit, but now I have an easy "I'm busy!" sign. – Wally Lawless May 1 '09 at 13:41
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@Power-coder: You mean a programmer's secondary screen isn't supposed to be permanently etched with a browser window displaying the StackOverflow website? – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 14:01
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One well written line of code can replace a thousand bad ones. – Sneakyness Jul 26 '09 at 16:16
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Take a walk

I've found that it's more the appearance of not "working" than anything else. If I leave my desk for a few minutes and walk around outside no one thinks anything of it. Much different than sitting at your desk looking idle.

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I agree. It's a perception thing. Just sitting is always lazy. But moving either fingers or legs convinces people you're /really/ working. – Matthew Flaschen May 2 '09 at 0:46
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Out of sight, out of mind. – Walt Gordon Jones May 2 '09 at 20:22
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ps walking around with a piece of paper in your hand = working in most places. – Martin Beckett Jul 8 '09 at 20:30
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MGB is right. I got away with wandering the halls in High School for a very large amount of time by simply walking around with paper. – Sneakyness Jul 26 '09 at 16:17
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Here's a solution from commandlinefu.com:

cat /dev/urandom | hexdump -C | grep "ca fe"

It will make some data scrolling off the terminal.

alt text

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That's what I appreciate, a command-line solution to any programmer's problem! – thrashr888 23 hours ago
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Did you mean hexdump -C < /dev/urandom | grep "ca fe" – Sam 18 hours ago
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Add | pv -q --rate-limit 75 for some extra slowness. – Cristian Ciupitu 18 hours ago
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How about thinking on the lav (the john)?! Of course it limits you to one thought session a day unless you don't mind people thinking you have diarrhea

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lol +1, I do some of my best thinking on the loo. It's the only time I'm not constantly interrupted by coworkers asking retarded questions I don't have time to answer. – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 13:37
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Works at home, too. Unless you have toddlers constantly banging on the door. – Even Mien May 1 '09 at 13:40
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My office is noisy. I use this technique surprisingly frequently during the daily, shouted political argument going on one aisle over. The important thing is finding the lavatory in the basement or up a floor that's less-frequented. (Fewer distractions.) – Greg D May 1 '09 at 14:21
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I had one place where I'd do that multiple times a day, because the handicapped stall was bigger than my cubicle. :-) – T.E.D. May 1 '09 at 14:21
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The paper in the lavatory isn't so good for taking notes ... and let's not talk about the pen. – JeeBee May 1 '09 at 15:30
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Think on paper, i.e., make a note of your mental thoughts. I find diagrams make things a lot clearer for me when thinking anyway, so it's a win-win.

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Paper is so passé, get a whiteboard... – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 13:52
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@balabaster, ii actually prefer paper for it is much more portable and scaleable (On a whiteboard you have to erase everything when it's full, on paper you just get a new paper) – Pim Jager May 1 '09 at 14:30
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@Pim Jager - Understandably - I think in this day and age, I think we need to come up with electronic white boards that just dump the contents to file and then sync with the computer when you connect it up. Something lightweight enough to carry to the board room if necessary. – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 14:39
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That's it, now I want one of these: e-beam.com/products/whiteboard.html – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 14:43
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Pull out some paper and scribble technical-looking stuff on it. Then when you're thinking, hold your pen and have one hand on the paper. Occasionally add something to the paper.

If you're working on hard problems, you'll probably need a pen and paper to assist your train of thought anyway.

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This "pen and paper" you speak of -- can you explain what it is and how it works? – Gabe yesterday
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Pretending you're working on something that's physical, not mental, is a short term solution, I think.

You'd better teach your co-workers that thinking takes most part of the process of programming. Of course, it's a long term solution that may show no value on the first few weeks - or months - but it will surely pay off.

They'll even leave you alone when they see you're quiet, with a mug of coffee in your hand.

Leave him there, they'll say, he's doing his best.

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+1 Exactly, why try to pretend you're working. That's generally the stance someone who isn't working takes. Just do what you do! – Robin Day May 1 '09 at 13:24

I honestly don't think you can. Sure, you can "pretend" you're working by scribbling, having technical websites open. But if you're doing that, you're not doing the actual "thinking" bit that gets the work done.

I'd stick to worrying about how you get your work done best and not trying to appear to be working to others. If it matters to them they will know the truth.

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Why do you even think you need to hide the fundamental part of your job as a programmer, ie thinking, from co-workers?

If a co-worker says "Wow! You really don't seem to do much each day, do you?", just explain, in a good natured way, what you are actually doing when they notice you staring off into the distance.

If they continue to have a problem, WHO CARES! Just let the responsible manager deal with it. Of course this relies on the fact that your output is actually acceptable.

This is exactly how I have dealt with this sitaution myself in the past. If someone just doesn't like you, you are not change their views, but most people are simply curious.

A programmer that believes hiding and being deceptive to colleagues about what it they do, will always have difficulty dealing with non-programmers.

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Have your eyes closed and when someone walks up to you, say "Amen".

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and put a crucifix on your wall and get a prayer mat too... or whatever your religion dictates. A sure fire way never to be pestered by anyone ever again. Especially if your religion is of a non-mainstream nature :P – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 14:05
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May the sauce of the FSM lead you to enlightenment. – nilamo Aug 27 '09 at 5:32
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I recall the movie The Firm when Gene Hackman tells Tom Cruise that if he is even thinking about a client, it's billable time. If it's good enough for a lawyer...

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My employer couldn't pay me enough if we would handle it the same way. Programmers are constantly trying to learn and improve themselves. I've ideas in the shower before work, but can't put shower time on the time sheet. – stesch Oct 31 '09 at 13:18
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Do you really have to do this (I mean explanations)? I know it's tough times, etc. but think of finding some place else when you can.

According to your question several things are wrong with your place of work:

  1. Other people (including peers) should have implicit respect to what you do;
  2. Other people should not be able to observe you all the time;
  3. You being concerned with what other people think of you is counter-productive;
  4. "Flow" is a critical process for software development and you are clearly in environment that doesn't embrace this process.

Pick up Peopleware by DeMarco and Lister to read about these and other things that define and explain right teams and places to work.

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I worked for a couple years for a small company as the sole developer. I know for a fact that they thought I was just slacking off when they'd pass by my door and see me on the internet looking something up, or reading a book like Pragmatic Programmer; and even when I was actually writing diagrams related to the current workload.

In short, I don't think it is possible for someone unfamiliar with programming practices to understand what we do. Anymore than it is possible for someone unfamiliar with engines to see a mechanic just standing there staring under the hood, and understand that the guy is actually working.

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Yes, I had negative comments in a job once because coworkers saw me sitting around reading "magazines". Like Dr. Dobbs, Programmer's Journal, Proceedings of the ACM. – Cyberherbalist May 1 '09 at 18:51
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@Cyberherbalist: The kind of coworkers who can't learn anything by themselves? – stesch May 2 '09 at 0:30
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About reading Pragmatic Programmer at work: it's like an automechanic reading "Basic car care" at work instead of fixing cars. – simon Oct 7 '09 at 17:17
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The OP didn't mention reading Pragmatic Programmer, so your comment is a straw man argument. A more appropriate analogy is that of an automechanic reading a reference manual about car engines at work when stumped, and I think it's a very good thing. – Seun Osewa 22 hours ago
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What I hate is when people see you browsing the internet and think you're slacking off. A key part of expectations or perception management is to not have your monitor facing a busy thoroughfare. I hate people walking behind me as a general rule anyway.

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Program in Java. Then you'll have to do a lot more typing. Or, if you're already programming in Java, well, hmmm...COBOL, maybe?

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Get a whiteboard and scribble some ideas on it while you're thinking. I find it helps me structure my ideas better than just walking around while thinking.

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I don't have a whiteboard in my cubicle at this client, but I've been pestering them for one for ages. Having a whiteboard is great for diagramming random ideas - a great thought processor. – BenAlabaster May 1 '09 at 13:38
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Absolutely. The same managers who demand you work also get very excited when they see people writing things on whiteboards viewing it as a sign of creativity, planning and communication. I once had a manager who when we had clients in demanded that the team sit around a whiteboard pretending to discuss stuff so the environment would seem dynamic... Terrifying but true. Still, in her defence she was generally a pretty good manager other than that. – Jon Hopkins May 1 '09 at 13:45
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I always come running back from the toilet, and say I got a great idea while I was thinking there.

The worst part: it is even true, I just make a show out of it. Do the same with coffee break, just break of mid-phrase if you get an idea etc.

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I've seen this one. We have an internal IM system where I work. Last year, word came to us (from our boss, as a friendly warning) that people in other departments were looking at the IM client to see our status (if we were "away" or not) and using that to determine that we were slacking off.

So we set our away timeouts to be very high, so it looks like we're always busy, which we usually are.

Between watching programs run that may take time, reading stuff on screen, talking to other programmers next to you, etc... it can look that way.

I don't worry about, really. That's how I work (and the others around me too). That just the way things work in our department. That metric can work with some jobs (i.e. % of time in a call for a call center employee), but it doesn't work for everyone.

What can you do about it? I wouldn't do much. I like the crossword suggestion above. If you are worried about others opinions, I wouldn't be. If they are complaining/making remarks, you can try being nice (the crossword thing) but if it continues you could simply talk to you manager asking for people to basically be informed "he's doing his job, let him be". It's not the job of the clerk 3 desks over to monitor how hard you're working.

The people who watch this kind of thing are usually the same people who are slacking themselves (or at least worried they are, such as a workaholic).

As long as your boss knows you're doing a good job and doesn't think you're wasting the company's money, you should be fine.

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Write your thoughts on a paper, so they see that you are working !

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Usually what I do is I'll leave something on my computer screen (query in progress, report, data table, etc.) and i'll play with my rubik's cube while periodaclly looking at the screen.

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yes...gotta have screen full of windows with things so complex it always looks like your working. Until they notice web browser and you're typing a comment on SO...ohhh shit. – dotjoe May 1 '09 at 15:26
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Sometimes when I have a difficult problem, like everything I've tried just isn't working, I lean back in my chair and close my eyes. Guess what that looks like.

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Some times I do that and wake up slightly alarmed when a co-worker wakes me up with some random question. Closing your eyes is dangerous business. – kch May 1 '09 at 15:01
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The last job I worked at, I had the same thing - I was leaned back, eyes closed, thinking. Boss walks into my cube, quietly. She says my name and I jump a little - wasn't expecting the interruption. Later that day, my supervisor calls me over and tells me the boss is going to have her "eyes on me" because of the situation. And she was a programmer in the past. Apparently, she's able to think just fine while coding - different strokes for different folks, I guess. – Knobloch May 1 '09 at 18:30
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I think it's important to distinguish between accepted forms of "thinking" and less conventional methods like some of the ones above (playing FPS games etc). Most workplaces expect some degree of professionalism, and while playing games might be the most effective method for you, society doesn't generally accept that as professional behaviour (yet ;) ).

Usually I just leave the CLI for a linux server open on one screen - most people see that and run.

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If you can't do even that, take a few screenshots of the command line on your home computer and bring them in to work. :) – Barry Brown May 2 '09 at 1:08
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If they don't affect your getting a paycheck, what does it matter what they think?

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If enough people think you are slacking off, eventually management would be forced to do something, which could affect you paycheck. – Rob Z May 1 '09 at 17:14
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Even if management knows you're not slacking, it's often easier for them to force you to change your behavior than force everyone else to mind their own business. – patros May 28 '09 at 16:04
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If you're the only programmer in your division, it's a pity. Otherwise you could write mini-documents like a model overview - anything high-level - to help you with your implementation thougts.

  • revise your own thoughts
  • provide a written document as basis for possible "stand-up" reviews with fellow developers
  • aggregate artefacts for later detailed documentation purposes (which mostly are required in not-so agile companies)
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You can run your test cases in selenium IDE. x 100

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My strategies:

  • Bring up some gnarly code in Emacs, and stare in the general direction of the screen.
  • Take a walk.

The problem with the second approach is that if a thought strikes that requires looking something up, you are often a minute or more away from your workstation. Also, I often bump into someone on the walk I need to talk to. That isn't nessecarily a bad thing, but it doesn't help with the task at hand. Still, you end up learning something that you needed to learn. Consider it a holistic development technique. :-)

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